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Where the plan meets the ground

Two municipalities — one in Italy, one in Slovenia, both scarred by the 2022 fire — put real budgets and real work behind the project's recommendations. This is what cross-border adaptation looks like on the ground.

~1,000 ha
burned in Miren-Kostanjevica alone in the 2022 cross-border mega-fire.
9 ha
of post-fire forest under active restoration in Duino Aurisina.
3
pilot actions financed in Miren-Kostanjevica — grazing, walls, dolinas.
2
countries — one shared Karst, one shared method.
The July 2022 wildfire on the Karst, reaching the Italy–Slovenia motorway tollgate.
July 2022 — the cross-border Karst mega-fire reaches the motorway tollgate. Roughly 1,000 hectares burned across Italy and Slovenia; the recovery is what these two pilot sites are built on.
Pilot — Italy

Duino Aurisina – Devin Nabrežina: restoring a burned slope, sensor by sensor

On a 9-hectare slope above the SS 55 — burned in 2022, now classed extremely vulnerable — the municipality is undoing decades of fire-prone black-pine plantation and bringing back the open Karst heathland.

9 ha of selective clearing

Crews removed fire-killed and high-risk black pine — about 270 m³ of dead wood — using low-impact rubber-tyred tractors and no earthworks, protecting the native oak and hornbeam already regenerating underneath.

Sensors & drones, procured locally

The municipality is acquiring electronic-nose (VOC / CO / CO₂) sensors and survey drones that feed straight into the Karst Firewall platform for early detection and recovery monitoring.

Grazing brings the heathland back

Targeted, subsidised pastoralism keeps woody encroachment down — a measure that reduces fuel and restores EU-protected dry-grassland habitat (6210) at the same time.

Stewarding 107 hectares

Duino Aurisina also manages the Falesie di Duino reserve, home to Centaurea kartschiana — a plant that grows nowhere else on Earth.

Pilot — Slovenia

Miren-Kostanjevica: reading 22 years of land change — then reversing it

ZRC SAZU's analysis showed exactly why the 2022 fire ran so far: as farming was abandoned, the landscape filled with fuel. The municipality's three pilot actions target that directly.

−38%permanent meadows (2002–2024)
+297%trees & shrubs encroaching
104fires recorded 1998–2024
Preventive grazing on the burn scar

Sheep, goats and donkeys, with fencing and a water cistern, hold open the Nova vas burn area — backed by municipal budget and the national invasive-shrub decree.

Dry-stone walls as firebreaks

Volunteers trained in the UNESCO-listed craft are rebuilding walls — kept clear by a 10 m vegetation-free band — that slow surface fire and carry the Karst's cultural memory.

Dolina mosaic restoration

Community clearing of an overgrown sinkhole (dolina) reopens a natural low-fuel patch and a biodiversity refuge.

Built to last past 2026

With ZRC SAZU, the municipality will report which measures worked, their upkeep cost, and how to fund a wider roll-out — municipal, national and EU.

What the fire revealed

A disaster that revealed what to protect

The fire that took roughly 1,000 hectares also stripped the overgrowth and revealed the authentic Karst beneath — kilometres of dry-stone walls, First-World-War trenches, scattered stone. The pilots turn that hard reset into a template: manage the cultural landscape actively, and it becomes a landscape that resists fire.

Source: deliverables D2.2.1 (Duino Aurisina pilot actions, IUAV) and D2.2.2 (Miren-Kostanjevica pilot measures, ZRC SAZU & the Občina with PiNA), WP2, 2026.